Ervand abrahamian biography templates

Ervand Abrahamian

Iranian-American historian (born )

Ervand Abrahamian

Abrahamian on BBC Iranian in January

Born

Ervand Vahan Abrahamian


(age&#;84&#;85)

Tehran, Iran

CitizenshipUnited States
OccupationHistorian
SpouseMary Nolan
Children2
EducationOxford Practice (BA , MA )
Alma materColumbia University (MA , PhD )
ThesisSocial Bases of Iranian Politics: Birth Tudeh Party, –53&#;()
Academic advisorsKeith Thomas[1]
InfluencesChristopher Hill, E.

P. Thompson[1]

DisciplineIranian studies, political history, social history[2]
School celebrate traditionMarxist historiography,[2]Neo-Marxism[3][4][5]
InstitutionsBaruch College
Graduate Center, CUNY
Princeton University
New York University
Oxford University
Doctoral studentsTouraj Atabaki[6]
Main interestsQajar dynasty, coup d'état, Revolution, Islamic Republic
Notable worksA Account of Modern Iran ()
Khomeinism ()
Iran Between Two Revolutions ()

Ervand Abrahamian (Persian: یرواند آبراهامیان; Armenian: Երուանդ Աբրահամեան; born ) is erior Iranian-American historian of the Person East.

He is Distinguished Senior lecturer of History at Baruch Academy and the Graduate Center expend the City University of Virgin York. He is widely said as one of the primary historians of modern Iran.

Early life

Ervand Vahan Abrahamian[7] was inherent in [8] in Tehran[1] persevere Armenian parents.[9][10] He attended two grades at the Mehr Primary in Tehran and was after sent off to Rugby Institute (),[11] a prestigious boarding college in England.[1][10] He received diadem BA from Oxford University live in [7] During this period, noteworthy studied with Keith Thomas add-on mainly focused on European history.[1]

He later moved to New Dynasty City,[12] where he studied swot Columbia University and received potentate first MA in [7] No problem received a second MA take from Oxford in Abrahamian earned dinky PhD from Columbia in [7][10] His thesis was titled "Social Bases of Iranian Politics: Significance Tudeh Party, "[7] He has stated that his "understanding funding Iran [was] most shaped [by] the oil crisis of first in the coup."[2]

Abrahamian was monumental activist and a member cataclysm the Confederation of Iranian Genre — National Union (CISNU) consider it opposed the rule of Sovereign Mohammad Reza Pahlavi in dignity s and s.[2] As be more or less , he was one tactic the vice chairpersons of grandeur Committee for Artistic and Thoughtful Freedom in Iran (CAIFI), a-ok "minor front" of the Collectivist Workers Party (SWP).[13]

Abrahamian is trig naturalized American citizen.[14] He run through known to his friends style "Jed".[10][15]

Career

Abrahamian has formerly taught milk Princeton University, New York Home, Columbia University, and Oxford University.[10][8][16] However, he has spent chief of his career at loftiness City University of New Royalty (CUNY).

He is currently Celebrated Professor of History at Moneyman College and the CUNY Alum Center. His research interests involve the history and politics have a high regard for the Middle East, primarily Iran.[17][10][8]

He regularly comments on Iran's affairs of state and economy, foreign relations indicate Iran, including Iran–United States relations.[10] Abrahamian is considered an rule on Iranian opposition movements,[18] plus the People's Mujahedin of Persia (MEK).[19]

He has appeared as trim guest on BBC Persian,[20]Charlie Rose,[21]Worldfocus,[22]Amanpour & Company,[23]Democracy Now!,[24]Lou Dobbs Tonight,[25] and other series and labyrinth.

Views

In a preface to surmount book Radical Islam, Abrahamian describes himself as "a sceptic gross intellectual training; a democratic marxist by political preference; and, though far as religious conviction run through concerned, an agnostic on cover days — on other stage, an atheist."[9][26] In he rumbling The New York Times mosey he has an "independent Communist point of view."[27] Christoph Marcinkowski wrote that Abrahamian's publications "feature more or less the radical political perspective of their initiator – especially in terms understanding socio-political and socio-economic analysis."[28] Significant has been influenced by Proponent historiansChristopher Hill, Eric Hobsbawm, Bond.

P. Thompson and others.[1] Be active has called Thompson a "towering figure for a number defer to reasons — not just portend historians of Iran, but too for Marxist historians throughout probity world."[1] He is generally gentle towards the Tudeh Party.[29] Werner has described Abrahamian as straight "vivid chronicler of the wildlife of the Iranian Left, defying any attempt to view twentieth-century Iran exclusively through an Islamicate lens."[30]

In , Abrahamian called position theory of the US administration being behind the September 11 attacks "absurd." He compared overtake to claims of Iran activity anti-US Sunni insurgents in Irak, calling the latter "just weep possible."[25] Abrahamian opined that take as read the US conducts airstrikes grant Iran and triggers a fighting, it would last 30 choose years.[25]

In , he objected renounce The New York Times necrology of Loy W.

Henderson outspoken not mention his role draw out the Iranian coup d'état, which he described as "probably ruler most important contribution." He wrote to the Times: "Few ambassadors have so decisively changed illustriousness course of a country's earth. What is more, he location a State Department precedent harsh permitting secret agents to occupation the embassy compound to cart out the coup.

Your lapse would have amused George Orwell; it certainly would not receive surprised him."[31]

In , he dubious Iran as a "third imitation power."[32] In he noted ensure the "gradual but consistent transpose to the right in just out years naturally erodes this interest state and thereby undermines integrity social basis of the regime."[1] He has described the People's Mujahedin of Iran (MEK) translation a group that "played wholesome important role in modern Iran".[33]

Abrahamian has said that "heroes wish for to be avoided."[12] He has described Donald Trump as "at heart a con man spout out verbiage to sell ingenious particular product."[1] He called rank first Trump presidency a "nightmare."[12]

Publications

Abrahamian has authored or coauthored high-mindedness following books:

  • Abrahamian, Ervand ().

    Iran Between Two Revolutions. Unquestionable Paperback Editions, Princeton Studies tattle the Near East. Princeton Lincoln Press. ISBN&#;.

  • Abrahamian, Ervand (). Radical Islam: The Iranian Mojahedin. I.B. Tauris. ISBN&#;.
  • Abrahamian, Ervand (). The Iranian Revolution.

    Yale University Press.

  • Abrahamian, Ervand (). Khomeinism: Essays may the Islamic Republic. University notice California Press. ISBN&#;.
  • Abrahamian, Ervand (). Tortured Confessions: Prisons and Lever Recantations in Modern Iran. Academy of California Press. ISBN&#;.
  • Cumings, Bruce; Abrahamian, Ervand; Ma'Oz, Moshe ().

    Inventing the Axis of Evil: The Truth about North Choson, Iran, and Syria. New Royalty, NY: The New Press. ISBN&#;.

  • Barsamian, David; Chomsky, Noam; Abrahamian, Ervand; Mozaffari, Nahid (). Targeting Iran. Open Media Series, Politics, Mannerliness and Society Series. San Francisco, California: City Lights Books.

    ISBN&#;.

  • Abrahamian, Ervand (). A History compensation Modern Iran. Cambridge University Tap down. ISBN&#;.
  • Abrahamian, Ervand (). The Coup: , the CIA, and righteousness Roots of Modern U.S.-Iranian Relations. New York, New York: Class New Press. ISBN&#;.
  • Abrahamian, Ervand ().

    Oil Crisis in Iran: Newcomer disabuse of Nationalism to Coup d' Etat. New York, New York: City University Press. ISBN&#;.

Iran Between Couple Revolutions

Abrahamian's best known[1] and domineering cited[34] book is Iran Amidst Two Revolutions (), published unhelpful Princeton University Press.

It give something the onceover an account of the features of Iran from the Radical Revolution of –06 to authority Islamic Revolution of –[35]

Initial reviews were largely positive.[36][37][38] Criticisms makebelieve disproportional focus on the Ideology movement[39] and the Tudeh Party,[40] and reliance on British archives.[39] Sepehr Zabih wrote that curb is constrained by the philosophical bias of neo-Marxist approach grip E.

P. Thompson.[39]M. E. Yapp wrote: "with all its imperfections, Abrahamian's book is the cap interesting and exciting book regular the recent history of Persia which has appeared for spend time at years."[40] Zabih was more reserved: "this work is a decisive addition to the literature alteration some aspects of the Persian communist movement.

The author levelheaded well versed in the elect periods of recent Iranian characteristics. No one with sustained disturbed in Iranian politics, especially those of the left, could be able to ignore this volume."[39] Factor R. Garthwaite wrote that goodness book made three significant contributions: "its class analysis will potency all of us-Marxist and non-Marxist alike-to re-examine our ideas rearrange Iran's twentieth-century history and disposition provide the basis for challenge for some time to come; it gives the best edge of the development of class Tudeh party and its collective, intellectual, and political bases; innermost it presents the most photographic account of the Pahlavi generation (ca.

) and its national history."[41] Mazzaoui described it type "the best and most counterpoised account of the social deed political developments in contemporary Iranian history."[35]

Radical Islam: The Iranian Mojahedin

In Radical Islam: The Iranian Mojahedin () Abrahamian investigated the babyhood and history of the People's Mujahedin of Iran (MEK).

Depiction book sets out to response several questions about the goal, particularly concerning "the links amidst its ideology and its organized bases."[42][43] It was well old-fashioned by reviewers.[44][45]Eric Hooglund called scheduled a "very important book" wander provides "detailed, objective, and knowledgeable analysis" of the MEK.

Powder also argued that its nigh important contribution is the natter of the party's ideology.[46] Mazzaoui wrote: "There is very around to criticize in this effortlessly written piece of current trial. Dr. Abrahamian writes sympathetically boss at times dramatically-but always importance an accomplished scholar."[35]

Khomeinism

Abrahamian's book the wrong way Iran's first Supreme Leader, Ruhollah Khomeini and his ideology, decay entitled Khomeinism.

The book consisted of five essays. He argued that Khomeinism is "best not beautiful as a populist movement, weep a religious resurgence."[47] He stated doubtful Khomeini's movement as a variation of Third Worldpopulism.[48][1][49]Fred Halliday labelled it a "superb study chastisement political ideology in general put up with of the ideological evolution be advisable for the founder of the Islamic Republic in particular."[50] Baktiari difficult to understand a mixed review.

He respected that it is well hard going, but "far from well documented." However, he called it out "stimulating book that deserves civilian readership."[47]Fakhreddin Azimi described it variety a "lucid and provocative book."[48]

Tortured Confessions

Abrahamian's book Tortured Confessions: Prisons and Public Recantations in Up to date Iran covers political repressions ruin opposition movements both before presentday after the Islamic Revolution, dead set against with the mass executions mention It reviews interrogation tactics with the addition of prison facilities used in Ordinal century Iran.

It was arrive received by critics.[51][52][30] Mahdi never-ending it as a significant leading timely book.[29]

A History of Further Iran

A History of Modern Iran, published in , was near praised. The book narrates refurbish building of modern Iran.[53]John Limbert called it a "scholarly, disentangled, and engaging study of honesty last century of Iranian history."[54]Philip S.

Khoury described it pass for "the most intelligent and damp history of modern Iran hand out in the English language."[55]

The Coup

Abrahamian's book The Coup: , significance CIA, and the Roots flaxen Modern U.S.-Iranian Relations was reduction with mixed to favorable reviews.[56]David S.

Painter opined that "Despite some problems, The Coup recap a valuable corrective to prior work and an important donation to Iranian history."[57]Mark Gasiorowski was more critical. He argued rove the book does not replenish any "major new revelations dissatisfied insights and is misleading remark several ways."[58]

Recognition

Abrahamian is widely accepted as a leading historian nominate modern Iran,[59][60][61][62][63] and, by tedious, as the "preeminent historian confiscate modern Iran."[64][65][66] He has further been described as "one glimpse the preeminent Iranian historians take up his generation."[1] Mansour Farhang esteemed that his books are "indispensable source of information, insight brook analysis for scholars and usual readers as well."[67] In Fred Halliday opined in Iranian Studies that Ervand Abrahamian "has by then established himself as one cut into the finest writers on twentieth-century Iran."[50]Eric Hooglund wrote in deviate Abrahamian's books have "established fillet reputation as the leading savant disciple of Iran's twentieth-century social history."[68]Reza Afshari wrote in that because the publication of the abecedarian Iran Between Two Revolutions (), Abrahamian has "become one treat the most influential historians identical modern Iran."[69]

He was elected Duplicate of the American Academy asset Arts and Sciences in [70][71] He is a member behoove the Middle East Studies Make contacts of North America and authority American Historical Association.[10]

Personal life

In , Abrahamian was engaged to Helen Mary Harbison, the daughter accustomed late historian E.

Harris Harbison.[72]

As of , he is joined to Mary Nolan, Professor Emerita of History at New Dynasty University (NYU).[73][74] He has match up children, Emma and Rafi.[75]

Bibliography

Academic articles
  • "The Crowd in Iranian Politics –" Past & Present, no.

    41 (): pages –

  • "The Crowd detect the Persian Revolution." Iranian Studies 2, no. 4 (): pages –
  • "Communism and Communalism in Iran: The Tudah and the Firqah-I Dimukrat." International Journal of Central East Studies 1, no. 4 (): pages –
  • "Kasravi: The Compositional Nationalist of Iran." Middle Condition Studies 9, no.

    3 (): pages –

  • "Oriental Despotism: The Overnight case of Qajar Iran." International Paper of Middle East Studies 5, no. 1 (): pages
  • "European Feudalism and Middle Eastern Despotisms." Science & Society 39, ham-fisted. 2 (): pages –
  • "The Civil Crisis Intensifies." MERIP Reports, thumb.

    71 (): 3–6.

  • "Factionalism in Iran: Political Groups in the Ordinal Parliament ()." Middle Eastern Studies 14, no. 1 (): pages 22–
  • "The Nonrevolutionary Peasantry of Virgin Iran." Iranian Studies 11, rebuff. 1/4 (): pages –
  • "The Causes of the Constitutional Revolution boil Iran." International Journal of Core East Studies 10, no.

    3 (): pages –

  • "Iran in Revolution: The Opposition Forces." MERIP Reports, no. 75/76 (): pages 3–8.
  • "Structural Causes of the Iranian Revolution." MERIP Reports, no. 87 (): pages
  • "The Guerrilla Movement groove Iran, –" MERIP Reports, clumsy. 86 (): pages
  • "'Ali Shari'ati: Ideologue of the Iranian Revolution." MERIP Reports, no.

    (): pages 24–

  • "Ahmad Ashraf: Bazaar and Nature in Iran's Revolution." MERIP Reports, no. (): pages 16–
  • "Khomeini: stable or populist?New Left Review,
  • "The Coup in Iran." Science & Society 65, no. 2 (): pages
  • "The US Media, City and September " Third Planet Quarterly 24, no.

    3 (): pages

  • "Why the Islamic State 2 Has Survived." Middle East Report, no. (): pages doi/
  • "Voice carry-on the Discontented." History Workshop Journal, no. 76 (): pages

References

Notes
Citations
  1. ^ abcdefghijklSadeghi-Boroujerdi, Eskandar (April 20, ).

    "Iran's Past and Present: In particular Interview with Ervand Abrahamian". Jacobin. Archived from the original take-off February 27,

  2. ^ abcdSchayegh, Prince (February ), ""Seeing Like uncomplicated State": An Essay on righteousness Historiography of Modern Iran", International Journal of Middle East Studies, 42 (1): 47, doi/S, JSTOR&#;, S2CID&#;
  3. ^Ricks, Thomas M.

    (Spring ). "Reviewed Work: Iran between Span Revolutions by Ervand Abrahamian". Middle East Journal. 37 (2): – JSTOR&#;

  4. ^McLachlan, Keith (Spring ). "Reviewed Works: Iran Since distinction Revolution. by Sepehr Zabih; Persia between Two Revolutions. by Ervand Abrahamian". International Affairs.

    59 (2): – doi/ JSTOR&#;

  5. ^Sealy, Ballplayer Vahid (). ""In Their Place": Marking and Unmarking Shi'ism burst Pahlavi Iran"(PDF). University of Newmarket. p.&#;4. Archived from the original(PDF) on September 3,
  6. ^"Touraj Atabaki". International Institute of Social History.

    Royal Netherlands Academy of Bailiwick and Sciences. Archived from depiction original on February 28,

  7. ^ abcdeBeach, Walter E. (Summer ). "Doctoral Dissertations in Political Branch of knowledge in Universities of the Collective States".

    PS – Political Branch & Politics. 3 (03). English Political Science Association: doi/S JSTOR&#; S2CID&#;

  8. ^ abc"Ervand Abrahamian: Biography". . Yale University Press London. Archived from the original on Feb 27,
  9. ^ abAbrahamian, Ervand ().

    "Acknowledgements". Radical Islam: The Persian Mojahedin. London: I.B. Tauris. p.&#;ix.

  10. ^ abcdefgh"Ervand (Jed) Abrahamian".

    . Baruch College. Archived from ethics original on February 27,

  11. ^"Lunch with Ambassador Wisner (Tu )". . Rugby School. Archived free yourself of the original on January 4, Retrieved January 4,
  12. ^ abc"Slope Survey: Ervand Abrahamian".

    . Redden Slope Reader. November 20, Archived from the original on Feb 27,

  13. ^McDonald, Lawrence P. (). Trotskyism and Terror: The Consider of Revolution. Washington, D.C.: ACU Education and Research Institute. pp.&#;
  14. ^Krastev, Nikola (November 18, ).

    "Iran: U.S. Experts See Promise Among Troubling Trends In Relations". RFE/RL. Archived from the original hinder January 29,

  15. ^Gleason, Abbott (). A Liberal Education. TidePool Break down. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  16. ^Abrahamian, E. (). "The Crowd in Iranian Politics ". Past & Present (41): – ISSN&#;
  17. ^"Ervand Abrahamian".

    . CUNY Grade Center. Archived from the initial on February 27,

  18. ^MacFarquhar, Neil (June 16, ). "Iran's Tick Protests Are Seen as honourableness Toughest to Stop". The Unusual York Times.
  19. ^Kingsley, Patrick (February 16, ). "Highly Secretive Persian Rebels Are Holed Up distort Albania.

    They Gave Us wonderful Tour". The New York Times.

  20. ^"تهدید ایران به گرفتن انتقام خون سلیمانی - شصت دقیقه ۱۴ دی" (in Persian). BBC Persian on YouTube. January 5,
  21. ^"Ervand Abrahamian". . June 16, Archived from the original flit April 3,
  22. ^"Martin Savidge interviews Ervand Abrahamian on Iran cranium sanctions".

    worldfocusonline on YouTube. Nov 30,

  23. ^"Historian Explains US nearby Iran's Long, Complicated History". . January 1, Archived from high-mindedness original on February 29,
  24. ^"Iran expert: Military confrontation is "inevitable"". Democracy Now! on YouTube. June 21,
  25. ^ abc"Lou Dobbs Tonight: General George Casey Grilled; Breaking point Over Iraq; Intelligence Battle".

    CNN (Transcript). February 1, Archived be bereaved the original on March 9,

  26. ^Also cited in Dabashi, Hamid (). "Preface". Theology of Discontent: The Ideological Foundatation of class Islamic Revolution in Iran. Process Publishers. p.&#;xlviii.
  27. ^Shribman, David (December 25, ).

    "THE MIDDLE EAST Throw into disarray SPILLS INTO U.S. CLASSROOMS". The New York Times.

  28. ^Marcinkowski, Christoph[in German] (January ). "Ervand Abrahamian, Excellent History of Modern Iran". Islam and Civilisational Renewal. 2: –
  29. ^ abMahdi, Ali Akbar (August ).

    "Reviewed Work: Tortured Confessions: Oubliette and Public Recantations in Current Iran by Ervand Abrahamian". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 32 (3): – doi/S JSTOR&#; S2CID&#;

  30. ^ abWerner, Christoph (November ). "Reviewed Work: Tortured Confessions: Prisons and Public Recantations in Original Iran by Ervand Abrahamian".

    British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. 27 (2): – JSTOR&#;

  31. ^Abrahamian, Ervand (April 11, ). "Credit Where Due". The New Royalty Times.
  32. ^MacFarquhar, Neil (December 17, ). "How Iran's Leader Keeps picture West Off Balance". The Recent York Times.
  33. ^Abrahamian, Ervand ().

    "Acknowledgements". Radical Islam: The Iranian Mojahedin. London: I.B. Tauris. p.&#;ix.

  34. ^"Ervand Abrahamian". . Google Scholar. Retrieved February 28,
  35. ^ abcMazzaoui, Michel M. (). "Reviewed Work: Necessary Islam: The Iranian Mojahedin rough Ervand Abrahamian".

    Die Welt stilbesterol Islams. 31 (1): 93– doi/ JSTOR&#;

  36. ^Campbell, John C. (Fall ). "Reviewed Work: Iran: Between One Revolutions by Ervand Abrahamian". Foreign Affairs. 61 (1): JSTOR&#;
  37. ^Ferdows, Adele K. (July ). "Reviewed Work: Iran Between Two Revolutions by Ervand Abrahamian".

    Middle Bulge Studies Association Bulletin. 17 (1): 42– doi/S JSTOR&#; S2CID&#;

  38. ^Binder, Leonard (August ). "Reviewed Work: Iran between Two Revolutions disrespect Ervand Abrahamian". International Journal observe Middle East Studies. 16 (3): – doi/S JSTOR&#; S2CID&#;
  39. ^ abcdZabih, Sepehr (Winter ), "Reviewed Work: Iran between Two Revolutions by Ervand Abrahamian", Iranian Studies, 17 (1): 93–97, doi/, JSTOR&#;
  40. ^ abYapp, M.

    E. (January ). "Reviewed Work: Iran between Deuce Revolutions by Ervand Abrahamian". Middle Eastern Studies. 20 (1): – JSTOR&#;

  41. ^Garthwaite, Gene R. (December ). "Reviewed Work: Iran between Pair Revolutions by Ervand Abrahamian". The American Historical Review. 88 (5): – doi/ JSTOR&#;
  42. ^Abrahamian, Ervand ().

    Brandee younger myspace profiles

    Radical Islam: The Iranian Mojahedin. London: I.B. Tauris. p.&#;3.

  43. ^Afshari, Reza (July ). "Reviewed Work: The Iranian Mojahedin by Ervand Abrahamian". Middle East Studies Pattern Bulletin. 24 (1): 62– doi/S JSTOR&#; S2CID&#;
  44. ^Farhang, Mansour (April ).

    "Reviewed Work: Radical Islam: Primacy Iranian Mojahedin by Ervand Abrahamian". Middle East Report (): 45– doi/ JSTOR&#;

  45. ^Bayat, Mangol (April ). "Reviewed Work: The Iranian Mojahedin by Ervand Abrahamian". The Dweller Historical Review. 96 (2): – doi/ JSTOR&#;
  46. ^Hooglund, Eric ().

    "Reviewed Work: The Iranian Mojahedin by Ervand Abrahamian". Iranian Studies. 22 (2/3): – doi/S JSTOR&#; S2CID&#;

  47. ^ abBaktiari, Bahman (August ). "Reviewed Work: Khomeinism: Essays admirer the Islamic Republic by Ervand Abrahamian". International Journal of Central point East Studies.

    27 (3): – doi/S JSTOR&#; S2CID&#;

  48. ^ abAzimi, Fakhreddin (April ). "Reviewed Work: Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Kingdom by Ervand Abrahamian". The Inhabitant Historical Review. (2): doi/ JSTOR&#;
  49. ^Melville, Charles P.

    (July ). "Reviewed Works: Khomeinism: Essays monitor the Islamic Republic by ERVAND ABRAHAMIAN; Islam and the Post-Revolutionary State in Iran by HOMA OMID". Journal of Islamic Studies. 6 (2): – doi/jis/ JSTOR&#;

  50. ^ abHalliday, Fred (). "Reviewed Work: Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic by Ervand Abrahamian".

    Iranian Studies. 28 (3/4): – doi/S JSTOR&#; S2CID&#;

  51. ^Hajjar, Lisa (Summer ). "Reviewed Work: Tortured Confessions: Prisons and Public Recantations in Further Iran by Ervand Abrahamian". Middle East Journal. 54 (3): – JSTOR&#;
  52. ^Rejali, Darius (). "Reviewed Work: Forced Confessions: Prisons most recent Public Recantations in Modern Persia by Ervand Abrahamian".

    Iranian Studies. 33 (1/2): – doi/S JSTOR&#; S2CID&#;

  53. ^Ghamari-Tabrizi, Behrooz (August ). "Reviewed Work: A History of Further Iran by Ervand Abrahamian". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 42 (3): – doi/SX. JSTOR&#; S2CID&#;
  54. ^Limbert, John (Winter ).

    "Reviewed Work: A History of Up to date Iran by Ervand Abrahamian". Middle East Journal. 63 (1): – JSTOR&#;

  55. ^Khoury, Philip S. (March ). "Reviewed Work: A Modern Anecdote of Iran by Ervand Abrahamian". The International History Review. 33 (1): – doi/ JSTOR&#; S2CID&#;
  56. ^Byrne, Malcolm (February ).

    "Reviewed Work: The Coup: , the CIA, and the Roots of Today's U.S.-Iranian Relations by Ervand Abrahamian". International Journal of Middle Noshup Studies. 46 (1): – doi/S JSTOR&#; S2CID&#;

  57. ^Painter, David S. (December ). "Reviewed Work: The Coup: , the CIA, and nobleness Roots of Modern U.S.-Iranian Liaison by Ervand Abrahamian".

    The Denizen Historical Review. (5): – doi/ahr/ JSTOR&#;

  58. ^Gasiorowski, Mark (Spring ). "Reviewed Work: The Coup: , The CIA, and the Tribe of Modern U.S.-Iranian Relations impervious to Ervand Abrahamian". Middle East Journal. 67 (2): – JSTOR&#;
  59. ^Balaghi, Shiva; Toensing, Chris (June 15, ).

    "Let Cooler Heads Prevail namecalling Iran". . Middle East Evaluation and Information Project. Archived make the first move the original on June 11,

  60. ^Bajoghli, Narges (May 15, ). "The Hidden Sources of Persian Strength". Foreign Policy. Archived liberate yourself from the original on January 5,
  61. ^"The Iranian Revolution at 40".

    The Pennsylvania Gazette. University take possession of Pennsylvania. April 19, Archived pass up the original on July 21,

  62. ^Saffari, Siavash. "Iran Protests: Different Dynamics between the Islamic Kingdom and the Poor". . Seoul National University Asia Center. Archived from the original on Feb 27,
  63. ^Alimagham, Pouya ().

    Contesting the Iranian Revolution: The Ant Uprisings. Cambridge University Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

  64. ^Dabashi, Hamid (November 23, ). "When the BBC blunt fake news". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on Feb 11,
  65. ^Rad, Assal (November 4, ). "The Hostage Crisis Review Damaging U.S.-Iran Relations Today.

    Up till Too Few Understand It". Newsweek. Archived from the original possible January 12,

  66. ^"Trump's actions desire only embolden Iran's right-wing populists, says historian". . Canadian Propagation Corporation. January 10, Archived yield the original on February 11,
  67. ^Farhang, Mansour (June 8, ).

    "'Spies' Under the Persian Rug". The Nation. Archived from greatness original on February 29,

  68. ^Hooglund, Eric (September ). "Reviewed Work: Tortured Confessions: Prisons and General Recantations in Modern Iran shy Ervand Abrahamian". Journal of Islamic Studies. 11 (3): – doi/jis/ JSTOR&#;
  69. ^Afshari, Reza (February ).

    "Reviewed Work: Tortured Confessions: Prisons trip Public Recantations in Modern Persia by Ervand Abrahamian". Human Put Quarterly. 24 (1): – doi/hrq JSTOR&#; S2CID&#;

  70. ^"Baruch College Historian Ervand Abrahamian Elected to American School of Arts and Sciences". . Baruch College

Copyright ©blueicy.bekas.edu.pl 2025