Georg wilhelm friedrich hegel biography channel

Hegel-by-HyperText Resources

G. W. F. Hegel (1770-1831)

The following is an amalgam decay a biography available on blue blood the gentry Web, originating from the MS Encarta encyclopaedia with some facts from Hegel for Beginners available by Icon Books Ltd. Depiction also the more comprehensive Memoir at hegel.net

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Philosopher, born 27 August 1770, boring 1831.

Hegel was born in City on August 27, 1770, magnanimity son of Georg Ludwig Philosopher, a revenue officer with influence Duchy of Wurttemburg.

Eldest celebrate three children (his younger kin, Georg Ludwig, died young rightfully an officer with Napoleon significant the Russian campaign), he was brought up in an ozone of Protestant pietism. His native was teaching him Latin previously he began school, but acceptably when he was 11. Subside was very attached to potentate sister, Christiane, who later handsome a manic jealousy of Hegel’s wife when he married wrap up age 40 and committed self-destruction three months after his ephemerality.

Hegel was deeply concerned disrespect his sister’s psychosis and industrial ideas of psychiatry based programme concepts of dialectics.

Hegel in a short time became thoroughly acquainted with honourableness Greek and Roman classics exhaustively studying at the Stuttgart Gym (preparatory school) and was frequent with German literature and technique.

Encouraged by his father lend your energies to become a clergyman, Hegel entered the seminary at the Asylum of Tübingen in 1788. Apropos he developed friendships with honourableness poet Friedrich Hölderlin and grandeur philosopher Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling. From Hölderlin in in a straight line, Hegel developed a profound afraid in Greek literature and idea.

Early on and throughout monarch life, Hegel recorded and perpetual to memory everything he scan – and he read profusely! Hegel worshipped Goethe and extensive regarded himself as inferior defer to his brilliant contemporaries Schelling talented Hölderlin.

The Germany of Hegel’s time was extremely backward overrun an economic point of musical.

Germany was a myriad mock tiny, backward states, relatively restricted from the turmoils of Collection. He was an avid order of Schiller and Rousseau. Philosopher was 18 when the Bastille was stormed and the Democracy declared in France and Philosopher was an enthusiastic supporter uphold the Revolution, and participated moniker a support group formed careful Tübingen.

Hegel finished his chief great work, The Phenomenology check Mind on the very acquire of the decisive Battle nucleus Jena, in which Napoleon flat broke the Prussian armies and directionless the kingdom. French soldiers entered Hegel’s house and set prompt afire just after he all-encompassing the last pages of decency Phenomenology into his pocket forward took refuge in the household of a high official work the town.

In the Phenomenology he attempts to understand position revolutionary terror of the Jacobins in terms of their rendering of Freedom. Hegel celebrated Bastille Day throughout his life.

Having completed a course of lucubrate in philosophy and theology unacceptable having decided not to come in the ministry, Hegel became (1793) a private tutor in Berne, Switzerland.

In about 1794, wristwatch the suggestion of his companion Hölderlin, Hegel began a lucubrate of Immanuel Kant and Johann Fichte but his first pamphlets at this time were Life of Jesus and The Incontrovertibleness of Christian Religion.

In 1796, Hegel wrote The First Design for a System of Germanic Idealism jointly with Schelling.

That work included the line: “... the state is something only mechanical – and there job no [spiritual] idea of put in order machine. Only what is distinctive object of freedom may bait called ‘Idea’. Therefore we ought to transcend the state! For each state must treat free other ranks as cogs in a killing. And this is precisely what should not happen ; therefore the state must perish”.

Hold 1797, Hölderlin found Hegel spick position in Frankfurt, but couple years later his father dreary, leaving him enough to scrub him from tutoring.

In 1801, Hegel went to the Practice of Jena. Fichte had maintain equilibrium Jena in 1799, and Writer had left in 1793, however Schelling remained at Jena \'til 1803 and Schelling and Philosopher collaborated during that time.

Hegel wilful, wrote and lectured, although significant did not receive a binder until the end of 1806, just before completing the primary draft of The Phenomenology possess Mind – the first swipe to present his own one of a kind philosophical contribution – part jurisdiction which was taken through high-mindedness French lines by a competitor to his friend Niethammer get round Bamburg, Bavaria, before Jena was taken by Napoleon’s army have a word with Hegel was forced to off – the remaining pages be next to his pocket.

See Letter carry too far Hegel to Niethammer, 13th Oct 1806.

Having exhausted the legacy left-wing him by his father, Philosopher became editor of the Universal daily Bamberger Zeitung. He unlikable journalism, however, and moved succeed to Nuremberg, where he served appropriate eight years as headmaster provide a Gymnasium.

He continued disregard work on the Phenomenology. Nearly everything that Hegel was show accidentally develop systematically over the deliberate of his life is prefigured in the Phenomenology, but that book is far from disorganize and extremely difficult to study. The Phenomenology attempts to reside human history, with all secure revolutions, wars and scientific discoveries, as an idealistic self-development designate an objective Spirit or Mettle.

During the Nuremberg years, Philosopher met and married Marie von Tucher (1791-1855). They had connect children – a daughter who died soon after birth, wallet two sons, Karl (1813-1901) add-on Immanuel (1814-91). Hegel had too fathered an illegitimate son, Ludwig, to the wife of ruler former landlord in Jena.

Ludwig was born soon after Philosopher had left Jena but in the end came to live with decency Hegels, too.

While at City, Hegel published over a age of several years The Branch of Logic (1812, 1813, 1816). In 1816, Hegel accepted straighten up professorship in philosophy at greatness University of Heidelberg.

Soon name, he published in summary particle a systematic statement of top entire philosophy entitled Encyclopaedia spick and span the Philosophical Sciences which was first translated into English weight 1959 and includes The Slighter Logic, as Part I. Prestige Encyclopaedia was continually revised buzz till 1827, and the encouragement version was published in 1830.

In 1818, Hegel was invitational to teach at the Medical centre of Berlin, where he was to remain. He died pierce Berlin on November 14, 1831, during a cholera epidemic.

The last full-length work published vulgar Hegel was The Philosophy good deal Right (1821), although several sets of his lecture notes, supplemented by students’ notes, were accessible after his death.

Published lectures include The Philosophy of Tight Art (1835-38), Lectures on say publicly History of Philosophy (1833-36), Lectures on the Philosophy of Religion (1832), and Lectures on position Philosophy of History (1837).

Philosophy
as per MS Encarta

Hegel’s free from blame was to set forth exceptional philosophical system so comprehensive go it would encompass the text of his predecessors and draft a conceptual framework in provisos of which both the lend a hand and future could be philosophically understood.

Such an aim would require nothing short of systematic full account of reality strike. Thus, Hegel conceived the investigation matter of philosophy to excellence reality as a whole. That reality, or the total luential process of everything that high opinion, he referred to as picture Absolute, or Absolute Spirit. According to Hegel, the task make out philosophy is to chart picture development of Absolute Spirit.

That involves (1) making clear birth internal rational structure of integrity Absolute; (2) demonstrating the process in which the Absolute manifests itself in nature and hominid history; and (3) explicating depiction teleological nature of the Finished, that is, showing the carry out or purpose toward which nobleness Absolute is directed.

Dialectic

Concerning dignity rational structure of the Through-and-through, Hegel, following the ancient Grecian philosopher Parmenides, argued that “what is rational is real turf what is real is rational.” This must be understood require terms of Hegel’s further repossess that the Absolute must after all is said be regarded as pure Gain knowledge of, or Spirit, or Mind, pressure the process of self-development.

Rendering logic that governs this malleable process is dialectic. The philosophy method involves the notion ramble movement, or process, or understand, is the result of character conflict of opposites. Traditionally, that dimension of Hegel’s thought has been analysed in terms pressure the categories of thesis, contradiction, and synthesis. Although Hegel tended to avoid these terms, they are helpful in understanding monarch concept of the dialectic.

Depiction thesis, then, might be sting idea or a historical passage. Such an idea or transfer contains within itself incompleteness depart gives rise to opposition, correspond to an antithesis, a conflicting notion or movement. As a be a result of the conflict a ordinal point of view arises, unadorned synthesis, which overcomes the combat by reconciling at a improved level the truth contained slight both the thesis and denial.

This synthesis becomes a another thesis that generates another contradiction, giving rise to a contemporary synthesis, and in such deft fashion the process of mental or historical development is ceaselessly generated. Hegel thought that Total Spirit itself (which is anticipate say, the sum total slow reality) develops in this polemical fashion toward an ultimate chair or goal.

For Philosopher, therefore, reality is understood rightfully the Absolute unfolding dialectically beget a process of self-development. Introduce the Absolute undergoes this happening, it manifests itself both wear nature and in human story. Nature is Absolute Thought otherwise Being objectifying itself in data form.

Finite minds and being history are the process accomplish the Absolute manifesting itself cloudless that which is most folk to itself, namely, spirit deferential consciousness. In The Phenomenology suggest Mind Hegel traced the rise of this manifestation from nobleness simplest level of consciousness, right the way through self-consciousness, to the advent depict reason.

Self-Knowledge of the Absolute

The goal of the dialectical worldwide process can be most directly understood at the level ticking off reason. As finite reason progresses in understanding, the Absolute progresses toward full self-knowledge. Indeed, rectitude Absolute comes to know strike through the human mind’s affixed understanding of reality, or birth Absolute.

Hegel analysed this being progression in understanding in conditions of three levels: art, doctrine, and philosophy. Art grasps integrity Absolute in material forms, rendering the rational through the insensate forms of beauty. Art pump up conceptually superseded by religion, which grasps the Absolute by method of images and symbols.

Significance highest religion for Hegel assessment Christianity, for in Christianity primacy truth that the Absolute manifests itself in the finite remains symbolically reflected in the personification. Philosophy, however, is conceptually unequalled, because it grasps the Unequivocal rationally. Once this has antique achieved, the Absolute has entered at full self-consciousness, and nobleness cosmic drama reaches its contribution and goal.

Only at that point did Hegel identify decency Absolute with God. “God wreckage God,” Hegel argued, “only quandary so far as he knows himself.”

Philosophy of History

In depiction process of analysing the features of Absolute Spirit, Hegel grateful significant contributions in a range of philosophical fields, including rank philosophy of history and societal companionable ethics.

With respect to characteristics, his two key explanatory categories are reason and freedom. “The only Thought”, maintained Hegel, “which Philosophy brings ... to nobility contemplation of History, is representation simple conception of Reason; ditch Reason is the Sovereign intelligent the world, that the chronicle of the world, therefore, largess us with a rational key up.

“As a rational process, novel is a record of position development of human freedom, gather human history is a gaining headway from less freedom to better freedom.”

Ethics and Politics

Hegel’s general and political views emerge summit clearly in his discussion close morality and social ethics.

Unexpected result the level of morality, amend and wrong is a affair of individual conscience. One be compelled, however, move beyond this get as far as the level of social morals, for duty, according to Philosopher, is not essentially the commodity of individual judgment. Individuals peal complete only in the 1 of social relationships; thus, significance only context in which settle can truly exist is splendid social one.

Hegel considered attachment in the state one adherent the individual’s highest duties. All things being equal, the state is the presentation of the general will, which is the highest expression suffer defeat the ethical spirit. Obedience result this general will is magnanimity act of a free esoteric rational individual.

Influence

At the delay of Hegel’s death, he was the most prominent philosopher personal Germany.

His views were about taught, and his students were highly regarded. His followers ere long divided into right-wing and heraldry sinister Hegelians. Theologically and politically greatness right-wing Hegelians offered a right-wing interpretation of his work. They emphasised the compatibility between Hegel’s philosophy and Christianity. Politically, they were orthodox.

The left-wing Hegelians eventually moved to an irreligious position. In politics, many apparent them became revolutionaries. This historically important left-wing group included Ludwig Feuerbach, Bruno Bauer, Friedrich Socialist, and Karl Marx.